Automatic current-controlling mechanism or switch



Sep 6 1927 E. J. lisALLul--F xgEcHANIsu on swn'cu AUTOMATIC CURRENTcoNTRoLLING med sept. 25. 1921 {mA/m. A

Piatented Sept 6, 1927,' y y l y i UNITED *STATES PATENT OFFICE..

EDWARD J. BALLUFF, oFcHrcAGo; rumors, AssIeN'oR or oNE-HALr -fro HARRYA. FIIITZGIBBoNs, or cHIcAeo,.1LL1No1s.

U'roiun'rrcl cu:aan1\I'.r .c:51\'rROLLING MECHANISM on SWITCH.applicati@ mea september 23,1921. serial No. 502,753.

This invention relates to automatic electric cuits and connections withwhich said autocurrent controlling mechanisms or switches matic'switchor current-controlling mechan and' electrical devices operativelyconnected nism is adapted to be operatively connected. therewith,adapted to provide means for pre- In' constructing van automaticcurrent-con- 5 venting the discharging or exhaustion of' the trollingmechanism or switch and electrical storage battery, or the'bjurningzoutor injury devices adapted to be embraced within an of the coil orresistance or other electrical electric circuit with which suchautomatic devices or connections normally embraced incurrent-controlling mechanism or switch is the same electrical circuit.adapted :to be operatively connected, -I pro- The principal objectoflthe invention is vide, an electro magnet-1 which may be in to provlde 'asimple, economical and eiicient the -form of a'bar magnet having'a core2 automatic electric current controlling mechay surrounded with a'coil 3of helically wound nism or switch andelectrical devices operainsulatedcopper wire or electrically conductively connected therewith, adapted tokpretive wire` adapted to be connected with a vent the wasteful orinjurious discharging of battery 4 which may be a dry battery or a 70the storage battery, or the burning out or storage battery, although thelatter is usuinjury to the ignition coil' or resistance or allyemoployedor other source of electric supv other electrical devices or connectionsnorply. The core 2 may be in the form Vot an mally embraced within theYsame `electrical ordinary iron bar having its bottom end or circuit witha storage battery. metallic base 5 fixed to and in contact with 75 4Other and further objects of the inventhe metallic 'bottom angular endportion or tion will appear from the following descriparm 6 of ametallic yoke 7 having an upper tion wand claims, and from. aninspection of yoke arm 8 disposed at an angle with respect theaccompanying drawings, which are made to the upright main body portionof the yoke a part hereof. and in parallel relation to the bottom yoke80 The invention consists in the features, arm 6. The upper yoke arm 8extends across combinations, details of construction, and aror over theupper end of the core 2, and is rangement ofvelements and parts hereinde` spaced apart with respect to said core; and scribed and claimed. lthe bottom metallic yoke arm 6 is fixed to a In the accompanyingdrawings base 81 of suitable insulating material, such, 35

Figure l is aview in elevat-ion of my imfor instance, as fibre or hardrubber, or any proved I automatic j electrically actuated suitableinsulatingmaterial having the reswitch or current-controlling mechanism,uired strength to support the parts mountedy showing an electro-magnethaving an'elect ereon in operative positionupon a frame 5' tricallyactuated switch member upon or 9, which may beany desired suitable frame90 operatively `connected with the armature, member of an automobile, orother suitable andy also showing a'thermostat or thermosupport. Aninclosing casing l0 may be static element, which acts to open and closeprovided and removably mounted on the f thecircuit which energizes theVvelectromagbase 81, said casing being of suitable dimen 40 net toactuate said switch; sions, and hollow so as to inclose and cover 95 Fig. 2, isa view in sideelevation of the and protect the electromagnetand mechamechanism shown in Fig. 1, and also 'show- .nism mounted onsaid base. f ing portion of an internal combustion en- The cdi] 3 iswound around the coil 2 begne cylinder provided with a s ark plug, atween end plates or spool ends 11 and 12 storage battery an ignition`coi make and of suitable insulating material supported at 100 ubrakemechanism.y switch, and electrical conor near the opposite ends of thecore 2 andl nections forming a circuit embracing or between the yokearms 6 and 8, the upper adapted to normally embrace the battery, plate11 of insulating material being spaced ignition coil', make and brakemechanism and apart with respect to the upper arm 8 of the 5" connectedelements as shown in said figure; yoke, and the lower plate 12 ofinsulating 105 and l l l material bein mounted between the lower 3 is aldiagrammatic view showing my extremity of Ehe coil 3 and the bottom yoke,improved lautomatic electrically vactuated arm 6, and in position tosupport'the coil.

. v.jgs'witcli or` current-controlling mechanism, Although the'electro-magnet- 1 here shown and the electrical devices and electrical4cir. and described above as a single bar magnet 110 extremity of theyoke 7 and the upper yoke arm S are formed in one integral piece ofmetal, and an opening 13 is provided in the upper portion of said yoke,through which eX- tends a hinged upwardly and downwardly movablearmature 14. One end portion 15 of the armature extends through the saido ening 13 in the yoke and is supporte in hinged engagement with saidyoke, said armature having lateral end shoulders 16 on opposite sides ofthe .central endwise projecting portion 15 and adapted to engage theinner upright side face of the upright portion of the yoke 7; anddepending or ownwardly bent lugs or bosses 17 on the hinged end of thearmature project 1downward in engagement with the outer side face of theupright portion of the yoke 7. The armature is thus supported in hingedengagement with the yoke, and in position to permit the opposite orswinging end portion or body of the armature to swing upward out ofcontact with the upper end ofthe core 2, and downward into contact withsaid core, as required. A spring 13, which in this instance is atensionspring, has its upper end connected with the pro- 'ecting end 15 of thearmature, and its ower end connected with a suitable support, which maybe in the form of a connecting pin 19 fixed to and projecting laterallyfrom the outer side of the yoke 7 This spring is thus adapted to holdthe armature normally in raised position out of contact with the upperend of the core 2, as shown in Fivs. 2 and 3. Mounted on and movablewith, or ada ted to be operated with or by means of tie armature 14, isa metallic switch member or arm 20, which in this instance is in theform of a slightly flexible thin brass plate secured to the armature bymeans of a securing screw or other suitable securing means, and having athin sheet or strip of insulating material 21 interposed between saidmetallic switch arm 20 and the armature.

A metallic contact member or bar 22 is mounted upon a suitable supportof insulating material, such, for instance, as the hard rubber or liberplate 11 which forms the l end of the spool. The upper end or/cont'actoint 23 of this contact member or bar 22 1s located adjacent to and onthe under side of the outer swinging end 24 of the metallic switch arm20, and is normally spaced apart from or outof contact with saidmetallic switch arm; and a contact member or contact point 25 is fixedto or supported upon and in contact with the metallic up er arm 8 of theyoke 7 and adjacent to an in osition to be engaged by a contact mem eror point 26 upon and in metallic contact with the metallic switch arm 20on the armature 14, when said armature is in raised position, and whenthe core of the magnet is not energized.V

From the foregoing description it will be readily seen that when thecore 2 is energized so as to lower the armature 14 and switch arm 20,the contact 24 will be brought into Contact with the contact point 23 onthe contact bar 22; and the contact 26 on the switch arm 20 will at thesame moment be brought down out of contact with the contact point 25 onthe upper end of the metallic yoke 7 or yoke arm 8. It is also obviousthat at all times when the core 2 of the magnet l is not energized, thearmature 14 will be in raised position, and the contact 26 on the switcharm 20 will be in actual contact with the metallic contact point 25 onthe upper metallic yoke arm 8.

Mounted on a suitable support, such, for instance, as the insulated base31 of the electro magnet 1, is a curved fiexible thermostatic element orexpansible and contractable compound or laminated bar member 27, whichmay be formed of parallel connected strips or layers of iron and brass,the strip, bar or layer 28 of iron being on the outer side of the curve,and the strip or bar 29 of brass or similar metal having a greatercoeilicient of expansion than the strip 28, being on the lower or innerside of the compound bar as a whole, and on the inner side of the curve30.

The compound thermostat bar 27 is wound with a spiral coil 31 ofinsulated metallic wire or electrically conductive material having oneend 32 fixed in electrically conductive engagement with the compoundthermostatic member or bar 27, at or near the outer free or movable endof said bar member 27 g and the compound thermostatic bar 27 has one endfixed to an insulated support by means o a screw 32 or other suitablesecuring means. The opposite free or movable 4end of the com oundthermostat bar member 27 is locate adjacent to and normally out ofcontact with the Contact bar member 22 already described, and isprovided with a metallic contact member orpoint 33 adjacent to andadapted to be moved into and out of electrical contact with a metalliccontact end or contact member 34 connected with or forming an integralpart 'of the electrically conductive bar or Contact member 22. The mainbody of the bar 22 is connected with the contact 34 by means of aprojecting end portion or metallic connecting wire or other orm lao yofconductor 35; and the contact member 23,

already described, is connected with the bar 22 yby means of a metallicconnection in the form of a Wire or other'form of electrical conductor36. The conductor 36 may be integral with the body4 of thebar 22 or,connected therewith in any suitable ordinary and Well known manner. 1

From the foregoing description of the thermostatic member 27 and itsconnections, it will be readily understood that'when the compound barmember 27 is heated to a pre-4 contract thereby causinl -33 to be movedout o determined temperature by being subjected to the action of' anelectric current having or exceeding a predetermined amperage or degreeof intensity, passing through the coil 31,` the compound bar 27 willtlius bek caused to automaticallyuexpand soas to force the metalliccontact point 33 carried by'the free end of the bar 27 in'to electricalcontact orl electrically conductive engagement with the contact point.34 of the metallic bar 22 already described. And it isy obviousthatrocatory make and break member or movable yportion of the saidmovable or, insulate! make and break member 39,-which is thus adapted tobe moved into and vout of contact with the grounded contact member 4],to make and break any circuit connected with said movable orD insulatedmember- 39. The mechanically actuated make and break device 38 may,however, be of any desired or-Y dinary and well knownforin adapted to beoperatively connected with the devices herein described. l

IIn Figs. 2 and 3 of the accompanying drawings, is also showndiagrammatically' an ignition coil 43 which may be of any ordinary ordesired form, and comprises a primary coil- 44, and a secondary orinduction coil 45. The secondary coil 45 is connected with the sparkplug or plugs 38 by means of a wire or conductor 46 leading from one ex-Y tremity of the coil 45 to thekspark point, the g vice operativelyconnected with the earn shaft 40 ofv an internal combustion' engine 37,all ofw'hich may be of any ordinary and well known or suitable form, andmaybe provided with a-n electric starter, including an electric motor ordynamo, and may have an auxiliary circuit including a magneto suitablyconnected and adapted, to' operate in any desired ordinary'and wellknown or suitable manner, f and which,- being'` well known inthe art`are not shown.

. In the drawings (see Figs.. 2 and 3) I have shown an ordinaryyinternal combustion engine 37, provided with one or more spark plugs 38.Embraced within the same circuit with storage battery 4 is amechanically vactuated make and break device 38 opposite terminal of the3spark plug being grounded in the ordinary manner by means of aconductor 47 'leadingfrom said terminalto the ground48. The oppositeextremity of the sel'pndary coil 45 is grounded in the ordinary n annerby means of a conductor 49con`nected with said coil and lead-"v ing tothe ground '50. (See Fig. 3.)

One pole of the storage battery 4 is grounded in any desired ordinarymanner, for example, by means of a conductor 51 connected with said poleof the battery and leadingto the ground 521, as' shown-diagi'ammaticallyin 3. Or the condu-tor 51 may lead from the battery to aswitch 52,theopposite terminal 53 of the switch being groundedby means of aconductor 54 leading from said terminal or contact to the engineframe'lor ground, as shown in Fig. 2.

As will be seen by reference to 3, however, the opposite pole of thestorage bat;

tery is electrically connected with the compound metallic thermostaticbar 27 by means which comprises in its construction a mo;7

abile make and b ake member or switch arm 39, which in the orm shown ispivotally or reciprocatingly mounted, and adapted to ,move into and outof contact with a stationary contact member 41 which is grounded in anysuitable'manner, for`instance, bymeans ofa wire 64 or other suitableelectrically conductive'means. The movable or recipyof an electric wire55 connected with said poleofl the battery and lleading to the bindingpost 56, and an electric ywire 57 leading from 'said binding post 56'tothe end 58` of said thermostat bar 2 7. An electric Wire 59 leads fromone extremity of the thermostat coil Y31 to the contact member 26 on theh ingedv armature 14; andan electric con- `ductor 6() leads from themetallic contact member 25 onthe upper yoke arm 8 of the electro-magnet1 to the l binding post- '61,

of the movable or insulated which is in turn electrically connected withone of the terminals of the primary coil 44 or ignition coil 43 by meansof an electric conductor 62.

The opposite extremity of said coil 44 is connected with a correspondingmake and break member, for instance any one or more make and breakmembers or contacts 39, by means of an electric conductor 63; and thecorresponding stationary make and break member 41 of the make and breakdevice 38 is grounded in any ordinary manner, by means of an electricconductor leading therefrom to the ground. The conductors 64 and 51 arethus electrically connected and in the same battery circuit. (See Fig.3.)

From the foregoing description, it is obvious that, the contacts 33 and34 being separated or in circuit breaking position, and the engine inoperation, as when the car is running, the battery circuit, or circuit'of the electric current will be from the battery 4 through conductorl55, binding post 56,

wire 57, connection 5S, thermostat bar 27,'

connection 32, thermostatic coil 31, wire 59, contact 26 on armature 14,contact 25 on upper yoke arm 8 of electro-magnet 1, conductor 60,binding post 61, electric conductor 62, ignition coil 43, or primarywinding 44 of said ignition coil, through electric conduct-or 63,movable member or contact members 39 of the make and break device 38,and stationary make and break member or members 41 and conductor 64 tothe ground 52'. and from the ground through electric conductor 51, tothe battery 4.

It is also obvious that, whether the engine is running or standingstill, with the make and break members 39 and 41 in contact, asyillustrated in Fig. 3, and withthe contacts 33 and 34 separated. or in-circuitbreaking position, and all of the parts as shown in said ligure,the electric circuit in which the storage battery 4, ignition coil 43,thermostat coil 31, and make and break members 39 and 4l are encased,will be as above described.

It will also be readily understood by those skilled in the art, thatwhenever the electric current passing through the thermostat coil 31 andthrough the circuit above described, reaches or exceeds an amperage orintensity sufficient to heat the compoundbar or thermostatic member 27to a temperature suflicient to cause said member 27 to expand so as tobring the contact 33 in contact with the terminal or contact member 34,a direct circuit will be closed or formed which will pass through orembrace the coil 3 of the electro-magnet 1, andenergize the core 2 ofsaid electro-magnet-one extremity of said coil 3 being-electricallyconnected with the contact 34 by means of the electric conductor or wire35 already described, and

ybreakmember or members 39 of the make and break device 38 alreadydescribed. The movable make and break member or members 39 are adaptedto be moved into and out of contact with the corresponding stationarymake and break member or members 41, connected with the conductor 64which is grounded as already described. The shunt circuit thus formed orclosed, and which acts to energize the. coil 3 of the electro-magnet 1,with the contacts 33 and 34 in contact` or in circuit closing position,is as follows:

Through storage battery 4, conductor 55, binding post 56, electricconductor 57 conncction 58, compound thermostat bar 27, closed contacts33, 34, electric conductor 35, wire 65, electro-magnet coil 3, wire 66,binding post 67, electric wire 63, movable make and break member ormembers .39, engaged stationary make and break member or members 41,conductor 64 to the ground, 521, andthrough conductor 51 from the groundto the storage battery 4. The electric current thus caused to passthrough the coil 3 of the electro-magnet 3, energizes the pole 2 of saidelectro-magnet, thus causing the free end of the armature 14'to beattracted and lowered into contact with the core 2, and acting to loweror move the contact 26 out of contact with the terminal or Contact point25 on the upper yoke arm 8 and breaking the circuit between saidcontacts 25 and 26, and4 simultaneously causing contact 24 on themovable switch arm 2() on armature 14 to be moved downward intoelectrically conductive oengagement with the contact 23 on the contactbar 22.

VllVith the contacts 23 and 24 thus in contact or closed circuit-makingposition, and the contacts 25 and 26 out of contact or incircuit-breakingposition, and with the contacts 33 and 34 temporarilyand for a short time only in contact or circuit-closing position, asthey are temporarily or momentarily untilthe compound thermostat bar 27is allowed to cool and contract so as. to withdraw the contact member 33out of contact with the contact point 34, it is plain that an electriccircuit is formed which passes through the contacts 23 and 24 which areheld in contact by reason of the armature being held down by theenergized core; and the said circuit thus formed passing through thecontacts 23 and 24 continues even after the contacts 33 and 34 areseparated by the cooling of the thermostat bar 27, and is as follows, solongas the electrogized and the armature remains in lowered position soas to hold the contacts 25 and 26 1n open or circuit breaking position?From the storage battery' 4 through conductor 55, binding post 56, wire57, connection 58, thermostat b'ar 27, connection 32, thermostat coil31, electric wire 59, lowered contact member 26 on armature* 14, switcharm 20 on armature 14, contact' 24, engaged contact 23, conductor 36,electric wire 65, electro-magnet coil 3, wire 66, binding post 67, wire68, make and-break members 39 and 41 in contact with each other,electric conductor 64 to the ground, and from the ground through wire 51to the storage battery 4. The circuit last abovedescribed will continueso long as the engine or motor remains out of operation or stationarwith the make and break members 39 an 41 or any of them in contact, soas to enable a closed circuit to continue as above described,

through the coil 3 of the electro-magnet and through the engagedcontacts 23 and 24 thus held in contact by the lowered armature 14 whichis attracted bythe energized core 2. The cpntacts l25 and -26 being thusheld separated or in circuit-breaking position, it is plain that noelectric current is permitted to pass through the ignition'coil 43, andthat injury to the said coil while the parts remain as llast abovedescribed, or while the engine is standing still, and yall possibilityof burning out the coil or resistance, is lthus prevented. l

From the foregoing description it is evident that the circuit last abovedescribed passes through or embraces the ,armatureactuated switch arm 2Oand contacts 23 and 24 of the automatic electrically actuated circuitbreaker, and through the coil 3 of the electro-magnet 1 and theinsulated member 39,-which in this instance is the movable v member ofthe automatic mechanically actuated make and break device 38--andthrough the grounded or stationary make and break contact`member 41 andwire 64 or other electric conductor to the ground, and passes through orembraces within the .circuit the storage batterand the connectedthermostatic expansi le bar member and thermostatic coil, and thusenergizes the core 2 of the electro-magnet 1, causing said core to`attract the armature 14 and break the contact between the contactmembers 25 and 26 thus breaking the circuit to the induction coil 43.Said circuit thus embraces all of said electrically connected elementsexcept the induction coil, but does not embrace. the

And although said circuit' induction coil. embraces the armatureactuated switch member or arm 20 and contacts 23, 24, and 26 of theelectrically actuated automatic circuit breaker, it. does not embracethe contact member 25 and connected wires 60 and 62 leadi' 'to theterminal of the primary winding o the induction coil 43. (See Fig. 3,

.I showing the position of the various elements just before the lastmentioned circuit through the contacts or circuit-breaker 7o members 23and 24 is closed by the heating of the thermostatic coil to or beyond apredetermined temperature suilcient to expand "the thermostaticexpansible bar 27 to cause a contact between thermostatic contactmembers 33 and 34 which would close thecircuit acting to energize theelectro-magnet.)

A From the foregoing it will be readily understoodnthat my improvedcut-out or automatic current-controlling mechanism is adapted to actautomatically not only to.

break the battery circuit in which the ignition coil is normallyembraced when the engine and the ignition system controlled by myimproved automatic .cut-out are in o ration, so as to cut out theinduction co' or ignition coil and thus prevent injury to the saidinduction coil when the engine is standing still or not in operation-forinstance, whenthe engine has been left standing still or not inoperation7 but with the ignition switch accidentally left closed, asitis liable to-be in practice through carelessness or oversight, of theoperator, or otherwise, in which i event the parts will be in theposition shown in Fig. 3 of the drawings, with the induction coilembraced in the closed battery circuit just as it would likewise be'embraced in the same circuit with the battery when the engine is inoperationv but lwith the movablemake and break member 39, of course,act-l ing to rapidly and continuously but alternately make and break thecircuit when in operation-but that my improved safety device orautomatic cut-out is also adapted 108.

to automatically restore the circuit in which the induction coil andbattery 'are embraced to normal or initial 'closed circuit formingoperative position, without the necessity of providing or operating, anyseparate or distinct restoring switch, electrlc button, or other orsimilar device whatsoever, and without requiring any attention from theoperator to restore the mechanism herein described, or any part thereofto initial or normaloperative position. v

. On the contrary, the closing of the originall circuit embracing thestorage battery i and induction coil as well as the thermstatic deviceand mechanically actuated make and l break devicev and the ordinaryswitch, and the restoration of all of the parts to the position in whichthey are shown in Fig. 3, or normaloperative position, with the elec/tro-magnet cut out from the battery circuit, but adapted to be againautomatically connected with the expansible thermostatic device wheneverthe latter shall become heated to or beyond a predetermined temperatureand expanded by the building up of the elecmake and break switch arm orcontact member 39 to be separated from the contact member Li1 and breakthe circuit passing through the coil 3 and closed contacts 23 and 24 ofthe automatic electrically actuated circuit breaker device orelectro-magnet 1, thus permitting the armature 14 to be raised by theautomatic action of the armature-actuating spring 18 already described,thereby bringing the armature-actuated switch arm 2O and the contacts 25and- 26 into circuit closing position, so as to form a circuit embracingthe storage battery, the thermostatic device, the i 'nition or inductioncoil, and the mechanica ly actuated make and break device, and theordinary ignition switch, as shown in Fig. 3, in which the electricallyactuated automatic circuit breaker mechanism or electro-magnet is cutout, or separated from the battery circuit.

It will be readily understood by those skilled. in the art that the"electric current normally employed in the battery circuit embracingtheinduction coil when the engine and electrical devices are inoperation is of relatively low amperage, but is liable to build up inintensity to an amperage which would burn out or injure'the coil orresistanca-for instance, when the engine is stopped and permitted toremain idle or out of operation, with the" ignition switch left closedaccidentally orotherwise, so that the circuit embracing the storagebatter and induction coil is closed as shown in ig. 3. For instance, acurrent of from four to six amperes when the engine is not in operation,may quickly drop to one or two amperes immediately following thestarting of the engine; and the current may again build up to anintensity ot four to six amperes or higher when the engine is allowed tostand still or out of operation with the circuit closed as shown in Fig.3. The thermostatic device is adapted to remain out of contact with thecontact 34.- when in a relatively cool contracted condition; but is soconstructed that the expansible thermostatic bar member 27 will expandand come into electric contact with said contact member 34 when in arelatively heated and expanded condition due to the resistance affordedby the thermostatic or heating coil 31and the passage of a current aterin excess'of a predetermined maximum intensity, for instance a currentwhich has been permitted to reach or exceed an intensity of six amperesor thereabout, or any desired predetermined maximum amperage, thuscausing the y,automatic electrically actuated circuit breaker comprisingthe electromagnet 1 to break the circuit and cut out the induction coil,thus preventing injury to the coil by the building up of the electriccircuit beyond such predetermined maximum intensity, and also preventingthe storage battery from becoming'exhausted; and enabling the entiredevice to be restored auto matically and without requiring any attentionfrom the operator, but b the mere starting of the engine in theor inarymanner, as already described.

The making and breaking of the circuits between the contacts 33 and 34,and at the circuit breaker contacts 23 and 24, and contacts 25 and 26 isaccomplished without any undersirable sparking, as the potential iscomparatively low and very nearly uniform at both the thermostatic makeandbreak device and the electrically actuated circuit breaker orarmature-actuated contacts.

A motor or generator is connected in parallel with the storage batteryin the usual manner in such devices, and is adapted to charge thebattery, and to be operated in the ordinary manner familiar to thoseskilled in the art. f

lt is obvious that the electrically actuated circuit breaker comprisingthe electro-magnet 1 and the make and break or switch mechanism operatedthereby, may be connected with any suitable part of the circuit oneither side of the thermostatic device, and between said thermostaticdevice and the battery or the coil; and it is also obvious thatV theremay be other modifications and reversals of parts without departing fromthe'spirit of my invention. 4or instance, the thermostatic coil and thecxpansible thermostatic curved bar may be mounted in any desiredposition, upright or otherwise, and the storage, battery may beconnected directly with the thermostatic coil instead of with thethermostatic ex ansible bar, the bar being connected directly with theterminal of the primary of the induction coil instead of with thebattery. These and other obvious modications will be readil apparent tothose skilled in the art. And do not confine myself to the exactconstruction or arrangement of parts as herein shown and described,otherwise than as set forth in the claims.

I claim:

1. In a mechanism of the class described, the combination of a battery,an induction coil, a mechanically actuated make and break deviceconnected with one of the terminals of the induction coil, an expansiblemetallic thermostatic member adapted to be electrically connected withthe battery,

means forming an electrical connection between the thermostatic heatingcoil and a terminal of the induction coil, all adapted to be embracedwithin` the same electric circuit, and an automatic electro-magneticallyactuated circuit breaker connected with said mechanically actuated makeand `break device and adapted to be connected with said circuit forbreaking thesame said automatic circuit breaker comprising automaticallyactuated means adapted to automatically close and restore said circuit.

2. In a mechanism of the class Idescribed,v

the combination of a battery, an induction coil, a mechanically actuatedmake and I break deviceconnected with one of the terminals of theinduction coil, an expansible metallic thermostatic member adapted to beelectrically connected with the battery, a thermostatic heating coilconnected with said expansible thermostatic member, and a circuitbreaker comprising electro-magneticalyly actuated relatively movablecontactmembers connected` with said thermostatic heating coil and saidinduction coil, respectively, and adapted to automatically'break anelectric circuit embracing all of said elements, said automatic circuit,breaker comprising automatically actuated meansl adapted toautomatically close and restorel said circuit.

3. In a mechanismI of the class described,-

the combination of a battery, an induction coil, a make and break deviceconnected with one of the terminals of the induction said -eXpansibletliermostatic member, and` means forming an electrical connectionbetween the thermostatic. coil and an oppo-y site terminalof-tlb'Ainduct-ion coil, Said connecting means compri/sing an automatic'electro-magnetically actuatedV circuit breaker adapted toautomatically'break an elecelements,

tric circuit embracing all of sai said automatic circuit breakercomprising automatically actuated means adapted to automatically closeand restore said circuit. 4. In a mechanism of the class described, thecombinationv of a battery, an induction coil, a make vand break deviceconnected with yone of the termina-ls of the induction coil, athermostatic device comprisimg an expansible thermostaticmembei and aheating coil operatively connected, means' for connect-ing one of theterminals ot' the thermostatic device with the battery,` means forelectrically connecting the other terminal of the thermostatic devicewith a terminal of the primary of the induction coil, and

an automatic electro-magnetically electrically actuated circuit breakercomprising 4relaically 'actuated make ,and break device, an

means for automatically breaking said cir- 70.A

cuit by moving one of said switch members to circuit-breaking position,and electrically actuated means for automatically restoring -saidmovable switch member to circuitclosing position, to close said circuit.

5. In a mechanism of the class described, the combination of a battery,an `induction coil, a lmechanically actuated make and break deviceconnected with one of the terminals of the induction coil, atliermostatic device comprising lan expansible thermostatic element, andia thermostatic coil connected witli said expansible thermostaticelement, means for electricallyconnecting said thermostatic device withthe battery and with one of the terminals of the induction coil, lacontact member adapted to be electrically connected with thethermostatic expans'iblemember and with said mechanelectro-magneticallyelectrically actuatedaultomatic circuit breaker comprising coaetingrelativelymovable switchv members adapted to be embraced within the Sameelectric circuit W'ith all of -said elements, and means for electricallyconnecting said electric circuit breaker mechanism with saidmechanically actuated f make and break device, whereby said electricallyactuated circuit breaker is adapted to automatically break l saidbattery circuit andcut out the induction coil from said circuit and saidelectrically actuated circuit breaker is also adapted toautomaticallyclose said circuit.

6. In a mechanism of the class described, 1N the combination of abattery, any induction coil, a mechanically actuated make and breakdevice connected with one 'of the terminals ofthe induction coil, athermostatic device comprising an expansible thermostatic ele- 110 mentand a thermostatic coil `connected with said expansible thermostaticelement, means for electrically connecting one of said thermostaticelements with the battery, means for electrically connecting the otherone of said-.115 thermostatic elements with one of the terminals of theinduction coil, an electro-mag'- netically actuated automatic circuitbreaker ,comprising co-acting relatively movable switch member tocircuit-breaking position to cut out said induction coil from saidfirstmentioned battery circuit, and means for automatically restoringsaid armature-actuated circuit-breaker switch member to circuitclosingposition to close said circuit embracing the storage battery, inductioncoil, thermostatic device and mechanically-actuated make and breakdevice, and not embracing said electromagnet.

7. In a mechanism of the class described, the combination of a battery,an induction coil, a mechanically actuated make and break deviceconnected with one of the terminals of the induction coil, athermostatic make and break device comprising an expansible thermostaticmember and a thermostatic heating coil connected with said expansiblethermostatic member, means for connecting said thermostatic members withthe battery and with the induction coil respectively, said connectingmeans comprising an electromagneticall actuated circuit breaker, andmeans for electrically connecting said circuit breaker, said automaticcircuit lbreaker comprising automatically actuated means adapted toautomatically. close and restore said circuit withv said mechanicallyactuated make and break device.

8. In a mechanism of the class described, the combination of a battery,an induction coil, a mechanically actuated make and break deviceelectrically connected with one of the terminals of the induction coil,an expansible thermostatic member adapted to be electrically connectedwith one of the terminals ot the battery, a thermostatic coil 'connectedwith ,said expansible thermostatic member, and eans forming an electricconnection between the thermostatic coil and a terminal of the inductioncoil, all adapted to be embraced within the same electric circuit, saidcircuit having a pair of co-acting relatively movable circuit-breakercontact members embraced therein, `an electro-magnet provided with anarmature operatively connected with one of said last-mentionedcircuit-breaker contact members, and electrical circuit-forming meansconnected with and embracing thezcoil of said electro-magnet andprovided with a contact 'member connected with said electro-magnet coiland adapted to .be electrically connected with said expansiblethermostatic member when the latter is in an expanded heated condition.9. In a mechanism of the class described, the combination of a battery,an induction coil, a mechanically actuated make and break deviceelectrically connected with one of the terminals of the induction coil,an expansible thermostatic member electrically connected with oneof theterminals of the battery, a thermostatic coil connected with saidexpansible thermostatic member, connecting means forming an electricalconnection between the A circuit-breaker Lemaire thermostatic coil and aterminal of the induction coil, said connecting means forming acircuitvcomprising a pair of co-acting relatively movablecircuit-breaker contact members embraced within the same electriccircuit with allof said elements, an electromagnet provided with anarmature operatively connected with one of saidv last-mentionedcircuit-breaker contact members, for making and breaking. said circuit,and electrical circuit-forming means connected with said tiret-mentionedmechanically actuated make and break device and With the coil of saidelectro-magnet, and'comprising a contact member connected with themagnet coil and adapted to be electrically connected with saidexpansiblethermostatic member when the latter is in a heated expandedcondition.

10. In a mechanism of the class described, the combination of a battery,an induction coil, a mechanically actuated make and break deviceelectrically connected with one of vthe terminals of the induction coil,an expansible thermostatic member electrically connected with one of theterminals of the battery, a thermostatic coil connected with saideXpansible thermostatic member, connecting means loi-ming an electricalconnection between the thermostatic coil and a terminal of the inductioncoil, said connecting means comprising a pair of relatively movableco-acting contact members embraced within the same electric circuit withall of said elements, an electro-magnet provided with an armatureoperatively connected with one of said last-mentioned circuit-breakercontact members, for making and breaking said circuit, electricalcircuit-forming means connected with said first-mentioned mechanicallyactuated make and break device and with the coil of the electro-magnet,and

comprising a contact member connected with the magnetic coil and ada tedto be electrically connected with sai expansible thermostatic memberwhen the latter is in a heated expanded condition at a predeterminedtemperature, and disconnected when said thermostatic member is in arelatively colder contracted condition, and means for closing anelectrical circuit embracing the storage battery, electro-magnet coiland 'said first-mentioned mechanically actuated make and break device,and the thermostatic coil and expansible thermostatic member and notembracing the induction coil. v

l1. In a mechanism of the class described, the combination of a storagebattery, an induction coil, a mechanically actuated make and breakdevice electrically connected with one ofthe terminals of the inductioncoil, an expansible thermostatic member electrically connected with thestorage battery, a thermostatic coil connected With said expansiblethermostatic member, 4connecting means and thermostatic device` and theinduction coil provided with an electrically actuated circult breakerconnected with and adapted to make and break an electrical circuitembracing all of said elements, means for holdsa1d circuit-breakermechanism 1n c1rcuit-breakmg posxtlon, and automatic restoring . ingmeans adapted to automatically restore lll the circuit-breakermechanismto circuit closing position.

12. In a mechanism of theclass described, the combination of a battery,an induction coil, a mechanically actuated make and break deviceelectrically conlected with one -connected with one of the terminals ofthel induction coil, all forming a circuit in which `all of saidelements are embraced, lautomatlc circuit-breaker mechanism comprising amovable switch member and aco-actlng contact member connected with saidelectric circuit, said movable switch memberV bein movable into and outof contact with sai lil swltch member 1S out of Contact-With it?, stQIie batteryyelectro-magnet coil, the exco-acting contact to make and breaksuch circuit, an electro-magnet electrically connected with saidfirst-mentioned mechanically -actuated make and break device, and adated to be electricall sai thermostatic expansi le member` when thelatter is. in heated expanded condition, said electro-magnet havin anarmature o eratively connected wit said movab e switch member, for.automatically actuating the same to make and break said electriccircuit, and electrically conductive .means adapted to be electricallyconnected with the electro-magnet coil and with said movable switchmember and acting to close a circuit embracing said, storage battery,thermostatic device and said first-mentioned mechanically actuated makeand break device, and not embracing the induction-coil when said movablefirst-mentioned co-acting contact member, and means for automaticallyrestoring said' movable switch memberof lthe electrically actuatedcircuit breaker mechanism to initial I circuit-closing osition.

induction coil, all forming a` circuit in which 13. In a mec anism ofthe-class described, the combination ofa battery, an induction coil, a4mechanically actuated make and break device electrically connected -withone of the terminals of the induction coil, an expansible thermostaticmember electrically connected ,with the battery,^.a .thermostat-ic coilconnected with said expansible thermo.-` static member and adapted to beelectrically connected with one of the terminals of the ments,spark-plug mec connected withl all of said elements are embraced, anelect-romag'netically actuated circuit breaker normally connectedwiththe thermostatic coil and with onev of the terminals of theinduction coil and adapted to make and break an electric circuitembracing all of said elewith the secondary coil of the induction coil,means for holding said circuit breaker mechanism in circuit-breakingposition, and automatic restoring means electrically connected withsaidirst-mentioned mechanically actuated make and break device and witha mov able switch member of the electrically actuated circuit breakermechanism, and adapted mechanism to circuit-closing position.

14. In a mechanismof the class described, the combination of a storagebattery, an innism i connected to automatically restore saidcircuit-breaker duction coil, a -mechanically actuated make t and breakdevice electrically connected with one of the terminals of thevinduction coil,

an expans'ible lthermostatic' member electrically connected wth thestorage battery, a

thermostatic coilconnected with said expansible thermostatic member,connecting means forming lan electrical connection between thethermostatic coil and the induction coil, said connecting meanscomprising a contact member and a co-acting movable switch f membermovable into and out of contact with said contact member'and adapted tomake and break an electric. circuit normally embracing` all of saidelements, an electromagnet `having an armature operatively con nectedwith and adapted to, move said movable switch member into `and out ofvcircuit .closing position, electric circuit-forming means connectedwith and embracing the coilK of said electro-magnet and adapted to beelectrically connected with said expansible thermostatic member when thelatter is in a heatedexpanded condition, and circuit closing meansoperatively connected with' the armature of the electro-magnet andadapted to' .close an?, electric circuit embracing the armature-actuatedmovable switch member of. the electrically actuatedcircuit breakermechanism to initial circuit-closing position. Signed at Chicago, -inthe county of Cook and State of Illinois, i tl 1is 19 thday oflsSepltember,1921.' v i l i J. BALLUFIF.

